Elon Musk / Walter Isaacson / meter

ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ืžืืกืง 

ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ ืื™ื™ื–ืงืกื•ืŸ / ืžื˜ืจ

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืื•ืžืฆืช, ืžืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืžื—ื•ื ืŸ ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ ืื™ื™ื–ืงืกื•ืŸ, ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื’'ื•ื‘ืก, ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื™ืื•ื ืจื“ื• ื“ื” ื•ื™ื ืฆ'ื™, ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื–ื ื”ืžืจืชืง ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื: ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ืžืืกืง. 

ืžืืกืง, ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืขื™ื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื, ื—ืงืจ ื”ื—ืœืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืกื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ื•ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื ืขืœ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช, ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื›ืืŸ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื, ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช, ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ื•ืžื“ื”ื™ื. 

ื›ืฉืื™ืœื•ืŸ ืžืืกืง ื”ื™ื” ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ืœ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ึผึดืจึฐื™ื•ึนื ื•ึผืช. ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื“ื—ืคื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื˜ื• ื‘ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืคื ื™ื• ื ืคืฆืขื• ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื‘ื”ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ืฉืคื– ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืœืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืฆืœืงื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ื‘ื• ืื‘ื™ื• ืึถืจื•ึนืœ, ืฉื’ืขืจ ื‘ื• ืงืฉื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื–ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. "ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื ืฉืขื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืขืง ืขืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš", ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ื ื–ื›ืจ. 

ืืจื•ืœ ืžืืกืง ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื ื“ืก, ื ื•ื›ืœ ื•ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื•ื ืจ ื›ืจื™ื–ืžื˜ื™, ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืงืฉื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืขืœ ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•. ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ื’ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืœื“-ื’ื‘ืจ ืงืฉื•ื— ื•ืคื’ื™ืข, ืขื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืขื–ื” ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืขื–ื” ืœื“ืจืžื”, ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืื“ื™ืจื”, ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช ื•ืื›ื–ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื’ื ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช. 

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกืคื™ื™ืกึพืืงืก ืฉื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” 31 ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื˜ืกืœื”, ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื•, ืžื›ืจื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืืกืง ื”ืคืš ืœืื“ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ืช 2022, ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืืกืง ื‘ืฆืขืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœื• ืœื“ืจืžื•ืช: "ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืจื•ื". ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืœื ืžื ืขื” ืžืžื ื• ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ื’ืŸ ื”ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™: ืกื•ืฃึพืกื•ืฃ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ึพื’ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื“ืžืึพืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ. 

ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืขืงื‘ ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ ืื™ื™ื–ืงืกื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฆืœ ืื—ืจ ืžืืกืง, ื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ืื™ืชื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืฆืขื“ ืœืฆื™ื“ื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ืชื• ื•ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืขืžื™ืชื™ื• ื•ื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™, ื’ื“ื•ืฉ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืœื˜ืœื•ืช, ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื”: ื”ืื ื”ืฉื“ื™ื ืฉืžื ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืžืืกืง ื”ื ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ืงื“ืžื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื–ื ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื? 

ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ ืื™ื™ื–ืงืกื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™. ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขื•ืจืš ื”ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืดื˜ื™ื™ืืด, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืจืฉืช ืกื™ึพืืŸึพืืŸ ื•ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืืกืคืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื˜ื•ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืื•ืจืœื™ื ืก. 

540 ืขืž', 128 โ‚ช.